While we all have head in the stars for this end of the year, Isabelle had the good idea to publish a post on the “Pplanet X » or Niburu. We are not going into the “exists/does not exist” debate here, but this historical reminder shows us that the controversy is not new. And as our instruments evolve, the mystery gets thinner, plus we're still waiting for data from the 2e Wise scan to be released in 2013...
Update 04.04.2016 : Ninth Planet or Planet X? New evidence of a mysterious object on the outskirts of our solar system
Percival lowell, an early contemporary proponent of the Planet X hypothesis
Percival lowell (a proponent of the theory of martian channels) called this planète hypothetical "planet X". He searched for this planet twice, without success. The first search ended in 1909 ; the second started in 1913, after revising her predictions of where she should be.
This research ended in 1915, after which Lowell published his theoretical results on the parameters of planet X. Ironically, it was at this time that the first photos of Pluto, which was considered to be the planet of 1930 à 2006.
William Henry Pickering, a 1919, predicts the existence and position of a new planet, named Planet O, based on the anomalies measured in the eye sockets d'Uranus and Neptune, but research, conducted at theMount Wilson Observatory, did not lead to any results. Pluto was discovered in 1930By Clyde Tombaugh, in Flagstaff, but we know today that the mass of Pluto is much too weak to be able to generate observable effects on the movements of Uranus and Neptune.
En 1978, Richard Harrington and Thomas Van Flanders (two astronomers from the US Navy Observatory in Washington) established that the orbits of Neptune and Uranus had suffered disturbances, probably coming from the gravitational attraction emanating from a mysterious celestial body, still unidentified, which celestial body was therefore nicknamed: Planet X. This mysterious planet would have previously ejected Pluto et Charon from their former positions (as satellites of Neptune). According to a report (established in August 1988, by Harrington, at theunited states naval observatory), Planet X, which would be three to four times the size of the Earth, would have been trapped, by the Sun, in a orbits very eccentric, very inclined (30 degrees) on theecliptic, with a periodicity of 3300 to 3600 years. In 1992, these same scientists asserted that there was indeed a 10e intruder planet in the solar system.
In janvier 1981, an astronomer, National Radio Astronomy Observatory, declared that irregularities had been noted in the orbit of Pluto, which suggested the existence of a yet unknown planet within the Solar System3.
En 1983, IRAS space telescope (on board an American satellite) spotted an unknown object in deep space. This observation was reported in the Washington Post of December 30, 1983, which published the interview with the head ofIRAS. This one declared that a celestial body - being able to reach the size of the planet Jupiter and capable of being oriented towards the Earth to the point of being part of the Solar System – had been discovered, towards the orion constellation, by said orbiting telescope3. However, further analysis revealed that of the ten unidentified objects, nine were distant galaxies, while the tenth was a cirrus infrared4. None of these objects have been identified as celestial objects belonging to the Solar System4.
En 1984, Richard A. Muller, working atUniversity of California at Berkeley, put forward the Nemesis hypothesis, describing the periodic extinction of species on Earth by comet showers5. The following year, in 1985, D. Whitmire, J. Matese and Luis Walter Alvarez (who spoke about it for the first time in 1979 in an article evoking the disappearance of the dinosaurs by an impact of a astéroïde) emit the "Nemesis theory", suspecting the existence of a "killer star or planet", which would return periodically, with its swarm of meteorites, to sow deluge and extinction, including that of the Dinosaurs... the star Nemesis : a hypothetical planet X.
En 1987, a diagram – published in the book New Science and Invention Encyclopedia – showed the position of the probes Pioneer 10 et Pioneer 11, compared to two officially unlisted celestial bodies: an extinct sun, located at 537 astronomical units, as well as an unknown planet, located 0,05 AU from the Sun. The same year, NASA officially recognized the existence of the latter6 ; this information was reflected in Newsweek, thus reporting that the NASA mentioned the hypothesis relating to the existence of this planet. The press release in question mentions, in extenso: “Last week, NASA made a strange declaration: a tenth planet, eccentric, pourrait to be in orbit (or not) around the Sun”7. It should however be noted that, to date, this hypothesis could not be definitively validated.
En 2001, a report of Science News title: the singular orbit of a comet suggests a hidden planet… far beyond the nine known planets, an object as massive as Mars could have been part of the Solar System and could still be there8.
En 2003, the astronomer Alessandro Morbidelli, of theCôte d'Azur observatory, said he expected a planet to be discovered, with a very elongated orbit, whose period could be counted in thousands of years. Indeed, it has been observed that the kuiper belt seems to stop abruptly. This would reveal that a planet, the size of Mars, would have formed in this region, at the beginning of the Solar system, even that she would have cleaned, as she grew, the outside of the belt9.
Pluto as Planet X[change]
Pluto was initially presumed to be Planet X, but, given its insufficient mass to alter Neptune's orbit, the search continued.
With the discovery of this object, the name planet X took on additional meaning: the X could now be read as a dix roman enumeration (because we thought we had to find the tenth planet). It lost that meaning when Pluto was downgraded. This downgrading was also a serious setback to the search for Planet X, because dwarf planets like Pluto are too numerous to interest the public individually, and the new definition is restrictive enough to make it very unlikely that a planet remains unknown.
Research Findings[change]
The search for the hypothetical planet X is based on the fact that anomalies in the orbit of Uranus could be explained by the existence of a neighboring planet. However, the reason for these anomalies was discovered when the space probe Voyager 2 noticed that the mass of Neptune had been miscalculated. With these new data on the mass of Neptune taken into account, the orbit of the latter is explained by itself and there is no longer any reason to search for a planet X.
Possibilities of other planets X[change]
Our most advanced detection techniques are capable of detecting a planet the same size as the Earths to 70 ua du Sun, one the same size as Uranus at 90 AU, one the size of Jupiter at 120 AU (neglecting its gravitational effects on the Sun). Of course, the heavens are very large and the mightiest of telescopes can only watch a tiny fraction of it at a time. To give an idea of distances, Pluto is about 30 AU at the moment.
If a ninth planet exists, it is unlikely to originate from the Solar system : detailed studies of theecliptic were taken into account, concluding that no Earth-sized planet or larger could exist on the ecliptic plane at a distance smaller than 60 AU. Therefore, a ninth planet would have to be in a steeply inclined orbit, and therefore have been captured by the Solar System and not formed with it. The research of vulcanoids for their part gave nothing.
source: People's Consciousness
Further information :
Crashdebug.fr: Tyche, a new giant planet in our Solar System?
Crashdebug.fr: Undetermined celestial object(s) approaching or "World Governance" and the phenomenon of synchronicity...
Crashdebug.fr: 2012: Shadow of the Dark Rift
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